Overexpression of Matrix Metalloproteinase 11 in Thai Prostatic Adenocarcinoma is Associated with Poor Survival

Abstract

<b>Background:</b> The incidence of prostate cancer, one of the most common cancers in elderly men, is increasingannually in Thailand. Matrix metalloproteinase 11 (MMP-11) is a member of the extracellular matrixmetalloproteases which has been associated with human tumor progression and clinical outcome. Aim: Toquantify MMP-11 expression in prostatic adenocarcinoma tissues and to determine whether its overexpressioncorrelates with survival outcome, and to assess its potential as a new prognostic marker. Materials and<br/><b>Methods</b>: Expression of MMP-11 was analyzed using immunohistochemistry in 103 Thai patients with prostaticadenocarcinoma. Overall survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier methods and Cox regression models.<br/><b>Results</b>: Immunoreactivity of MMP-11 was seen in the stroma of prostatic adenocarcinoma tissue samples, highexpression being significantly correlated with poor differentiation in Gleason grading, pathologic tumor stage4 (pT4), and positive-bone metastasis (p<0.05), but not age and prostatic-specific antigen (PSA) level. Patientswith high levels of MMP-11 expression demonstrated significantly shorter survival (p<0.001) when comparedto those with low levels. Multivariate analysis showed that MMP-11 expression and pT stage were related withsurvival in prostatic adenocarcinoma [hazard ratio (HR)=0.448, 95% confidence interval (95%CI)=0.212-0.946,HR=0.333, 95%CI=0.15-0.74, respectively]. <br/><b>Conclusions</b>: Expression of MMP-11 is significantly associated withsurvival in prostatic adenocarcinoma. High levels may potentially be used for prediction of a poor prognosis.