Anti-hyperglycaemic and antioxidant effects of Bidens tripartita and quantitative analysis on its active principles

Abstract

<strong><em>Objective(s)</em></strong>:<em> Bidens </em>species are used for their antidiabetic properties traditionally in many countries. Aim of this study is to evaluate hypoglycaemic and antidiabetic activity of <em>Bidens tripartita</em> extract and to identify its active compounds through bioactivity guided isolation technique. <strong><em>Materials and Methods: </em></strong>Hypoglycaemic effects of <em>B. tripartita</em> extract and its sub-extracts were investigated in normal and glucose-hyperglycaemic rats. Streptozotocin induced diabetic rats were used to examine antidiabetic activity of the extract and its sub-extracts after acute and sub-acute administration. Additionally, <em>in vitro</em> enzyme inhibitory and antioxidant activities were evaluated. HPLC analyses were carried out to determine the active constituents of the extract and its sub-extracts. <strong><em>Results:</em></strong> Through <em>in vivo</em> bioactivity-guided fractionation process, ethyl acetate and n-buthanol sub-extracts were found to have potent antidiabetic activity. <em>In vitro</em> enzyme inhibitory activities of the same sub-extracts were found to be potent. The highest total phenol, flavonoid contents and radical scavenging activity was determined in ethyl acetate sub-extract. According to LC-MS analyses, chlorogenic acid, luteolin and 7-O-glucoside of luteolin (cynaroside) were determined as the main components of the active sub-extracts. <strong><em>Conclusion:</em></strong> According to our results, <em>B. tripartita</em> has potent antidiabetic activity and its active constituents might be beneficial for diabetes and its complications.