Quality Antioxidant and Antifungal Activities of Temumangga (Curcuma mangga Val.) Extract in Some Solvents

Abstract

Temu mangga (Curcuma mangga Val.) has been widely used to overcome health problems in Indonesia, one of them as the ingredient of Madurese herbal medicine. The active compounds contained in C. mangga extract have potential as a medicine to improve female fertility. This study aims to determine the content of phytochemicals and antifungal and antioxidant activity of C. mangga rhizome extract in some solvents based on their polarity.C. mangga rhizome was extracted by a maceration method using ethanol (polar), chloroform (semi-polar), and n-hexane (non-polar) solvents. Standard phytochemical methods were used for a preliminary phytochemical screening of the plant extracts. Antioxidant activity test was conducted using DPPH method with extract concentrations of 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 ppm. The antifungal activity test against Candida albicans used the Kirby Bauer method with a 100% concentration and microdilution method with percent concentrations of 50, 25,12.5, 6.25, 3.13, 1.56, 0.78, and 0.39.Phytochemical analysis of the ethanol and n-hexane extracts showed the presence of alkaloids and triterpenoids, while chloroform extracts revealed the present of triterpenoid only. The antioxidant activity test of ethanol extract, chloroform, and n-hexane yielded IC50 values of 99.33 ppm (active), 119.3 ppm (medium), and 192.1 ppm (medium) and the inhibitory zones of C. albicans fungi were 5.172 mm, 1.780 mm, and 3.343 mm, respectively. MIC values of all extracts studied were found at 0.78% concentration and MFC values at 1.56%.Rhizome of C. mangga extracts contain flavonoid, alkaloids, and triterpenoids that have antioxidant properties and antifungal activities against C. albicans. Ethanol is the most promising solvent for extracting the active compound of C. mangga rhizome, which functions as an antioxidant and antifungal, proven to produce a higher antioxidant and antifungal activity than chloroform and n-hexane.