Chlamydiae are obligate generally Gram-negative intracellular parasites with bacterial characteristics, including a cell wall, DNA, and RNA. They have a worldwide distribution in different animal species. Chlamydia ...

Three families of venomous snakes exist in Iran including Viperidae, Elapidae, and Hydrophidae. Viperidae family is the only family with a widespread distribution. Saw-scaled vipers are important poisonous snakes in ...

Brucellosis is a zoonotic infection that is associated with fever in humans and abortion in animals. The agent of this disease is a facultative intracellular gram-negative coccobacillus called Brucella. There are ...

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a type of herpes virus. This virus is one of the most common causes of congenital and prenatal infections. CMV infection in pregnant women, especially in the first trimester, may lead to ...

Mannheimia haemolytica is responsible for considerable economic losses to cattle, sheep, and goat industries in many parts of the world. This bacterium isone of the causative agents of shipping ...

Scorpion venom is the richest source of peptide toxins with high levels of specific interactions with different ion-channel membrane proteins. The present study involved the amplification and sequencing of a 310-bp cDNA ...

Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive coccus that, in specific conditions, is able to generate various diseases. By secreting different enterotoxins, this bacterium prepares the settings to attack the host; ...