Knowledge of Colorectal Cancer Symptoms and Risk Factors in the Kingdom of Bahrain: a Cross- Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is second in incidence rates in both genders in the Kingdom of Bahrain,<br />with the number of new CRC cases sharply increasing in the last two decades. This study aimed to assess the levels<br />of knowledge regarding CRC among people living in the Kingdom. Methods: A cross-sectional survey design was<br />used to recruit a convenient sample of 505 adults aged 25 years or above. Face to face structured interviews were<br />conducted to supplement data gained from the questionnaire. Results: The mean age of participants was 37 (±10.43)<br />years. Changes in bowel habits were the most commonly identified symptoms (46%) followed by lower abdominal<br />pain (44%). Family history was the most commonly identified risk factor (38%) followed by smoking (28%). The<br />overall score of knowledge of CRC was 56 (±18.4). The scores for symptoms and risk factors were 59 (±26.2) and 53<br />(±17.5) respectively. It was found that female participants had better knowledge 59 (±17) than males 54 (±19) (P =<br />.001). Participants with high levels of education had better knowledge (63%) compared with other groups, although<br />this was not statistically significant (P = .067). Conclusion: This study indicates poor knowledge among people living<br />in Bahrain regarding CRC symptoms and risk factors. Strategies and educational initiatives need to be implemented<br />to enhance the general public's awareness in this respect.