Evaluation of cutaneous wound healing activity of Malva sylvestris aqueous extract in BALB/c mice

Abstract

<em>Objective(s):</em> The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of <em>Malva sylvestris</em> aqueous extract on cutaneous wound healing in BALB/c mice. <br/><em>Materials and Methods:</em> Twenty seven male BALB/c mice (2.5 months of age) were used. A cut wound (superficial fascia depth) was made locally. The mice were then divided into three groups: the first, second and third groups received topical administration of <em>M. sylvestris</em> 1% aqueous extract, silver sulfadiazine topical cream or cold cream (positive and negative control groups), respectively. On days 4, 7 and 10 excisional biopsies were performed and wound healing was evaluated histopathologically. The data were analyzed by the ANOVA and Tukey statistical tests. <br/><em>Results:</em> On days 4 and 7, the numbers of inflammatory cells in the silver sulfadiazine and <em>M. sylvestris</em>-treated groups were significantly lower than the control group and keratinization at the edges of the wound in both groups was significantly higher than the control group. On the tenth day of the study, the <em>Malva</em>-treated mice showed better healing features and less fibrosis and scar formation, and also fewer hair follicles were damaged in this group. On the tenth day of the study, the numbers of inflammatory cells in <em>M. sylvestris</em> and silver sulfadiazine-treated groups were significantly lower than the control group. <br/><em>Conclusion:</em> The present study supports the beneficial effects of <em>M. sylvestris</em> on the wound healing process and suggests a potential clinical application.