Association between biofilm production, adhesion genes and drugs resistance in different SCCmec types of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from several major hospitals of Iran

Abstract

<em><strong>Objective(s):</strong></em> The ability of bacteria to produce biofilm and adhesion makes them more resistant to antibiotics. The current study aims to evaluate the biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus and to determine the prevalence of adhesion genes, also their correlation with drug resistance.<br /><em><strong>Materials and Methods:</strong></em> A total of 96 MRSA were collected from hospitals of Iran's western provinces during 2012 to 2013. The presence of ica A,B,C,D,clfA, cna, fnbA, mecA genes were determined by PCR technique. Biofilm formation was studied by microtiter plate assay, the clonal relations of the strains were examined by SCCmec and Spa typing. <br /><em><strong>Results:</strong></em> The results demonstrated that 96 % of isolates were biofilm producers. The distributions of biofilm formation between isolates were 4.2%, 54.2%, 35.4% as high, moderate and weak, respectivelly. The highest biofilm production was observed from blood culture isolates. All virulent genes ica A,B,C,D,clfA, cna, fnbA were observed in moderate and weak biofilm formation isolates. Among high biofilm formation isolates, icaB and cna genes were not seen. Statistical analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between ica, fnbA and the biofilm production, but there was not a significant correlation between the type of samples and drug resistance, spa type and SCCmec type with biofilm production (P>0.05). Frequency of All virulent genes in type III SCCmec was higher than other types. <br /><em><strong>Conclusion:</strong></em> The majority of MRSA isolates were biofilm producers and blood isolates ranked as the great biofilm producer. In these isolates ica D and fnbA genes are correlated with biofilm production.