Fetal Hypoxic- Ischemic Injuries

Abstract

Hypoxicischemic injury (HII), which is also known as hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, refers to the subset of neonatal encephalopathy that results from a hypoxic or ischemic event. Fetal hypoxic stress that may eventually be sufficient to cause fetal brain damage as a result of prolonged partial hypoxic ischemia. In some cases, it is difficult to classify the lesion since we see the end effect: cavitation. It is not so easy to differentiate between effect of genetic or environment. Following the diagnosis of a clastic/ cavitary congenital lesion, detailed investigation of a possible pregnancy related event like: Prothrombotic factors, genetic mutation in the mother and child is recommended.Frequently these lesions are not diagnosed in utero due to late occurrence. Ultrasonography is the first modality but MRI is more accurate. Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is the most common of all. Other types of fetal brain damage include: porencephaly, multicystic encephalopathy, periventricular leukomalacia schizencephaly…