The interaction and balance between fractal components, which maintain to function in nature in perfect harmony with the highest efficiency, has been the source of inspiration for architects in different eras. Today, ...

Novel and advanced daylighting strategies and systems can noticeably decrease artificial lighting consumption and considerably improve light quality in the interior environments. In modern architecture, employment of ...

Many scientific sources agree that indigenous architecture, in terms of shape and function, is best suited to its environment. In this architecture, climatic conditions, access to materials, culture and beliefs of residents ...

Regarding the importance of the landscape as part of the nature and a dynamic and complex ecosystem, urban metabolism has been used in this research as a tool to evaluate and control ecosystem services. Firstly, the ...

Due to economic growth and demographic expansion in cities, cities face multitude of challenges. With the rising challenges, there is a need for integrated urban management approach to manage public affairs in the cities. ...

Nowadays, due to the ever growing number of universities and institutions for higher education in recent years, the social requirements of students have not been adequately addressed; and in many cases, residential buildings, ...