Biosynthesis of Silver nanoparticles and investigation of genotoxic effects and antimicrobial activity

Abstract

Health risk assessment of nanomaterials is a new and important area emerging; obtaining nanoparticles by green synthesis method and performing cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and antimicrobial testing is an important endpoint. <em>In vitro</em> studies for nanoparticles (NPs) obtained by the non-toxic method offer many advantages, such as the study of the bioavailability of nanomaterials to sensitive target cells. It will be useful for investigating the toxic and genotoxic risks associated with nanoparticle exposure. In this study; silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by green synthesis using grape vinegar prepared by ourselves. The resulting Ag NPs were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) methods and for different AgNPs concentrations in the range of 5-60 nm. The genotoxic effects of AgNPs were investigated using the Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) test and Micronucleus (MN) tests. Furthermore, the antibacterial and antifungal activities of the synthesized compound were tested against some pathogenic bacteria which are causative agents of the disease. As a result; it was found that the synthesized compound showed different degrees of inhibitory effect on the growth of pathogen strains compared to standard antibiotics. The findings are thought to provide clinically useful information in the treatment of many diseases using AgNPs at optimum concentrations (non-genotoxic concentrations).