Background: Arthrogryposis-renal dysfunction-cholestasis (ARC) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder mostly affecting the liver, kidney, skin, as well as central nervous and musculoskeletal systems. This multisystemic ...

Background: Personal protective equipment (PPE) is one of the protective equipment that health workers can use to protect themselves against coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19); however, it is accompanied by some problems ...

Background: Complications during pregnancy is one of the variables increasing the maternal death rate.  To reduce or prevent maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, antenatal care (ANC) visits were implemented. An ...

Background: There is a dearth of studies in Iran on the efficacy of probiotics in reducing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), yielding contradictory results. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the effect of probiotics ...

Background: Several studies have reported that two promoter variants (c.-3279T>G and c.-3156G>A) in UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT1A1) gene may contribute to neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. However, these variants have not ...

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding is defined as feeding only breast milk without any other liquids or solids, except for medicine. For mothers with positive human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), adherence to exclusive ...

Background: Examination for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is one of the procedures that can be stressful for neonates admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit. This study compared breast milk and sucrose in pain relief ...

Background: The value of antenatal corticosteroid regimen in lessening respiratory distress risk in preterm neonates has been well known, and accordingly, antenatal corticosteroid therapy was recommended for any pregnant ...

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome in which the sudden loss of kidney function leads to kidney failure to maintain fluid hemostasis and electrolytes. Considering the increased hospitalization of ...

Background: Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the best indicator to assess renal function; however, it is difficult to perform it, especially in neonates. Serum creatinine is the most commonly used marker of GFR; ...

Background: Zinc is an important micronutrient that is required for optimal fetal growth and development. Zinc deficiency during pregnancy may interfere with intrauterine fetal ossification. Fetal ossification can be ...

Background: Although a great improvement has been achieved in the outcome of sick neonates with the effectivewidespread introduction of mechanical ventilation in neonatal intensive care units, a significant proportion of ...