The Evaluation of Genomic Relationships and Diversity of Wild and Cultivated Wheats Possessing A Genome in Different Ploidy Levels Using SSR Markers

Abstract

Genomic relationships and diversity of 37 wild and cultivated wheat (<em>Triticum </em>sp<em>.</em>) possessing A genome include four <em>T. urartu</em> (A^u), thirteen wild einkorn (A^m), four cultivated einkorn (A^m), seven durum wheat (BBA^uA^u), three <em>T. zhukovskyi</em> (A^tA^tA^mA^mGG) and six common wheat (BBA^uA^uDD) were evaluated by simple sequence repeats (SSR) analysis. Genetic distance was calculated by Nei and Li using UPGMA for construct phylogenetic tree. 24 out of 35 primer pairs amplified and 22 pairs produced polymorphic amplicons (109 alleles). The highest amplified fragments (11 alleles) and polymorphism information content (0.90) was for Xgwm165-4A locus. The highest and the lowest genetic distance within groups for <em>T. urartu</em> and <em>T. zhukovskyi</em> were 0.86 and 0.55, respectively. The most similarity was between <em>T. urartu</em> and wild einkorn species (0.009). The highest dissimilarity observed between cultivated einkorn and common wheat,although <em>T. urartu</em> was more close to durum and common wheat than other diploid species<em>.</em>