Gold nanoparticles grafted manganese doped Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles for determination of short-term release of silver and lead from dental amalgam in saliva

Abstract

Ethylene glycol bisthioglycolate modified gold nanoparticles grafted Mn doped Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles (Au@Mn-Fe₃O₄NPs) adsorbent was synthesized and applied for extraction and preconcentration of trace amounts of Ag⁺ and Pb²⁺ ions in artificial and natural saliva. The adsorbent was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analysis (BET), X-ray diffraction spectroscopy (XRD) and vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) [h1] techniques and Fusayama artificial saliva was prepared and used as a blank sample. Natural saliva samples were collected from nine volunteers who exposed to posterior decayed teeth amalgam filling, and short-term release of heavy metal ions was assessed in 24, 72 and 96 h after filling. The main factors affecting extraction and desorption efficiency of target ions have been investigated. In Optimum conditions, the detection limits of 0.23 and 0.11 ng mL^-1 with preconcentration factors of 94 and 95 were obtained for Ag⁺ and Pb²⁺ ions, respectively. The results revealed that the adsorbent has high capacity and good reusability for extraction and preconcentration of target metal ions in relatively high saline solution like biological fluids.