Recognition of Sulfur Compounds in Tissue Culture Different Organs of Persian Shallot (Allium hirtifolium Boiss) by GC/MS

Abstract

<strong>Background & Aim:</strong> Persian shallot (<em>Allium hirtifolium</em> Boiss) with common name of "Musir" is one of the endemic medicinal plants in Iran. Leaves and bulbs with antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, anti-diabetes and anti-obesity effects are edible parts of this plant. The tissue culture is an influential method to multiply plant productions in order to meet demands of pharmacy and food industries. Therefore this article will focus on levels and structures of sulfur compounds in seeds, grassland bulbs and compare them with those of leaves, roots, bulbs and callus obtained from the tissue culture using the headspace- Gas chromatography-Mass Spectrophotometry (GC/MS) method.<strong> </strong> <strong>Experimental:</strong> At the first of the study, seeds and stem-discs of grassland bulbs were cultured in MS media. After 90 days seeds, grassland bulbs, seed-leaves, seed-bulbs, leaves and roots of seed-bulbs, stem-disc bulbs, and callus of stem-discs analyzed by GC/MS-headspace method. <br/><strong>Results & Discussion:</strong> The results of analysis showed the highest variety of sulfur compounds was in seed bulb roots, while lowest levels were found in seeds, seed bulb leaves and callus. And also the highest level of sulfur compounds was discovered in stem-disc bulbs (28.31%), seed bulb roots (18.61%) and grassland bulbs (6.23%). <strong>Industrial and practical recommendations: </strong>Our findings has been shown Persian shallot sulfur compounds have mono, di and tri sulfur in structures and the best source for these metabolites were roots and stem-disc bulbs producing by <em>in vitro</em> culture method.