Application of Hydrothermal and Non-Hydrothermal TiO2 Nanoporous Materials as New Adsorbents for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Aqueous System

Abstract

Hydrothermal and non-hydrothermal spherical TiO₂ nanoporous with crystalline framework were prepared by sol-gel method. The Crystalline structures, morphologies and surface texturing of materials were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and N₂ adsorption-desorption isotherms. The Hydrothermal spherical TiO₂ nanoporous was found to have a narrow and strong pore size distribution peaks with average of 37.8 Å and pore volume of 0.41 cm³/g and the (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller)BET specific surface area of 365 m²/g. Hydrothermal and non-hydrothermal spherical TiO₂ nanoporous have been used as adsorbent to study of the adsorption behavior of Pb(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) ions from aqueous system in a batch system. Effect of equilibrium time on adsorption Pb(II), Co(II) and Ni(II) ions on these adsorbent was studied The results show that the shaking time 0.5 to 10h has no serious effect on the percentage of ions removal, and the adsorption is fast in all cases. The maximum uptake capacities of Hydrothermal and non-hydrothermal spherical TiO₂ nanoporous was calculated. Both hydrothermal and non-hydrothermal TiO₂ nanoporous materials were found to have very good potential as new adsorbents in removal of these ions. In batch systems the maximum uptake capacities of Pb(II), Ni(II) and Co(II) on the hydrothermal and non-hydrothermal TiO₂ nanoporous materials was Co(II) > Pb(II) > Ni(II) and Co(II) > Ni(II) > Pb(II), respectively.