Co-TiO2 Nanoparticles as the Reinforcement for Fe Soft Magnetic Composites with Enhanced Mechanical and Magnetic Properties via Pulse Electrodeposition

Abstract

This study is an attempt to produce surface nanocrystalline composite of Fe-Co-TiO₂ at various current densities in the range of 20 to 50 mA/cm² via pulse electrodeposition method. The prepared composites were characterized by field emission scanning microscope (FESEM), electron dispersive spectrum (EDS), Vickers microhardness, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and x- ray diffraction techniques (XRD). The results showed that the formation of cauliflower morphology was preferred at lower current densities. Moreover, the higher current densities enhanced the Fe content and at the same time diminished the Co and TiO₂ contents of prepared surface composites. XRD patterns and Rietveld analysis confirmed the formation of combinations of BCC (as dominant) and FCC phases. Higher current density enhanced the saturation magnetization and decreased lower coercivity due to the higher Fe content and the reduction of TiO₂ nanoparticles in coatings. In addition, the lowest coercivity and highest saturation magnetization were gained at 50 mA/cm², while, the maximum microhardness obtained at 30 mA/cm².