Parameters Affecting the Biosynthesis of Gold Nanoparticles Using the Aquatic Extract of Scrophularia striata and their Antibacterial Properties

Abstract

<span class="CharOverride-29">Green synthesis is a simple, low-cost, non-toxic, environmentally friendly and efficient approach to use. Leaf extract of plants rich in polyphenols, such as flavonoids, is a powerful agent in reducing the synthesis of gold nanoparticles. The purpose of this study is to investigate the parameters affecting the biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using the aqueous extract of </span><span class="CharOverride-8">Scrophularia striata </span><span class="CharOverride-29">plant and their antimicrobial activity. Biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles was accomplished by the interaction of golden salt (HAuC</span><span class="CharOverride-30" lang="ar-SA"> </span><span class="CharOverride-29">with aqueous extract </span><span class="CharOverride-31">of </span><span class="CharOverride-32">Scrophularia striata</span><span class="CharOverride-31">. </span><span class="CharOverride-29">In order to obtain uniform and spherical nanoparticles, the following parameters affecting the biosynthesis of nanoparticles were investigated and optimized by ultraviolet-spectrophotometric technique; golden salt concentration, extract volume, pH and reaction time. Transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction technique were also used to further characterize nanoparticles. Finally, the anti-bacterial properties of gold nanoparticles were investigated by disc diffusion method. The resulting absorption spectra exhibited strong peaks at 570 nm, which is a specific wavelength for gold nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy studies showed that the gold nanoparticles had a spherical shape with a mean diameter of 5-10nm, and the highest diameter of the growth inhibition zone was observed on the diameter of the hafnium bacteria (14mm). In this study, it was observed that, with the aid of </span><span class="CharOverride-8">Scrophularia striata </span><span class="CharOverride-29">aqueous extracts, a golden nanoparticle showed an antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria.</span> <span class="CharOverride-29"> </span>