Effects of Small Group Education on Interdialytic Weight Gain, and Blood Pressures in Hemodialysis' Patients

Abstract

Background One of the most common problems in patients undergoing hemodialysis is interdialytic weight gain due to high liquid intake. Many patients are not fully aware of the fluid restriction. Group educations, such as small-group education, are among powerful methods to enable patients correct their behaviors, and enhance their capabilities, knowledge, and awareness. Objectives The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of small-group education on interdialytic weight gain, and blood pressures in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Patients and Methods This is a quasi-experimental study. Data collected from 42 patients undergoing hemodialysis. Before education, the mean of interdialytic weight gain during one week, and blood pressure were recorded. Then small-group education performed in 4 sessions. One week, and one month after the education, the mentioned parameters were recorded again. Repeated measure analysis of variances was conducted and pair-wise comparison was done using the Bonferroni test. Descriptive statistics were calculated for demographic variables. Results The mean, and standard deviation of interdialytic weight gain of participants was 3.64 ± 0.88 kg, before the education, and significantly decreased to 1.34 ± 0.61 kg, and 1.71 ± 0.72 kg one week, and one month after the education, respectively (P = 0.001). Also, the mean and standard deviation of participants' systolic blood pressure was 139.7 ± 16.45 mmHg before the education, and significantly decreased to 129.6 ± 12.16, and 129.5 ± 11.51 mmHg one week, and one month after the education, respectively (P = 0.001). But, the mean and standard deviation of diastolic blood pressure of the participants was 81.4 ± 6.07 mmHg before the education, and decreased to 79.7 ± 5.51 and 81.7 ± 5.27 mmHg one week, and one month after the education respectively. However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the diastolic blood pressure in the three phases (P = 0.061). Conclusions Small-group education in patients undergoing hemodialysis leads to a decrease in interdialytic weight gain, and systolic blood pressure, but has no effect on diastolic blood pressure.