Ionic Liquid-Based Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction Coupled with High Performance Liquid Chromatography for the Determination of Spirotetramat in Water Samples

Abstract

In this study, a simple and sensitive method was developed for pre-concentration of spirotetramat (SPT) using the ionic liquid-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction. After extracting of SPT into 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (ionic liquid), the insecticide was injected into HPLC system for determining. Under the optimum conditions, the developed method provided a linearity in the range of 0.05–2.0 µg mL^-1 with <em>R²</em>= 0.9987, and also enrichment factor was 250. The detection limit and relative standard deviation of the developed method were 0.01 µg mL^-1 and 2.7%, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to the pre-concentration and determination of SPT in spiked water samples with mean recoveries 94.0-96.0%.