Time-periodic Electroosmotic Flow of Non-newtonian Fluids in Microchannels

Abstract

The alternating current electroosmotic flow of a non-Newtonian power-law fluid is studied in a circular microchannel. A numerical method is employed to solve the non-linear Poisson-Boltzmann and the momentum equations. The main parameters which affect the flow field are the flow behavior index, the dimensionless zeta potential and the dimensionless frequency. At very low dimensionless frequencies (slow oscillatory motion, small channel size, or large effective viscosity), the plug-like velocity profiles similar to steady-state electroosmotic flow are observed at nearly all times. At very high dimensionless frequencies, the flow is shown to be restricted to a thin region near the channel wall, while the bulk fluid remains essentially stationary. Velocity distributions of pseudoplastics and dilatants may be widened at low values of the dimensionless frequency depending on the dimensionless zeta potential; at high dimensionless frequencies, however, both fluids represent enhanced velocity magnitudes with the dimensionless zeta potential. In the case of high shear rate and/or suddenly-started flows, pseudoplastics tend to produce higher velocities than dilatants. These two kinds of fluids may produce same velocity profiles relying on the value of the dimensionless zeta potential as well as the ratio of their flow behavior indexes.