Guillain-Barre Syndrome: A Retrospective Study of Clinical and Epidemiological Features in Kurdistan, West of Iran, From 2005 To 2014

Abstract

Background and aims: The most common cause of acute flaccid paralysis of all ages is Guillain-Barre<br />syndrome (GBS). Further understanding of this disease is important because of its life-threatening<br />nature in life. The aim of this study was to conduct a 10-year survey on epidemiological and clinical<br />features of GBS in Tohid and Besat hospitals, Sanandaj, Iran, from 2005 to 2014.<br />Methods: This study was a retrospective study, based on medical records, in which 98 hospitalized<br />cases in Tohid and Besat hospitals (tertiary referral hospitals), Sanandaj, Iran, between 2005 and 2014<br />were investigated. The epidemiological and clinical information was obtained from eligible cases.<br />Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 16. Chi-square and t test were used for analyses. The<br />significant level was considered at P < 0.05.<br />Results: The mean age of cases with GBS was 22.16 years. Among final 69 patients who were studied,<br />36 cases (52.2%) were male and 33 cases (47.8%) were female. Most cases of disease occurred in<br />the spring. Thirty-nine patients (56.52%) had risk factors like history of gastrointestinal infections,<br />respiratory infections, and surgery 2-4 weeks before the disease onset. Four cases (10.25%) needed<br />mechanical ventilation. The most common protocol of treatment was IVIg (n = 47, 68%). More than<br />half of the patients (52.2%) achieved relative recovery. In 6 patients, (8.7%) relapse was occurred.<br />Conclusion: Our study showed that there was a significant relationship between sensory- motor<br />involvement, gender and age. Moreover, the relationship between gender and prognosis was indicated<br />(P < 0.05).