Index-Based Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Prostate Cancer among Iranian Men

Abstract

Background and objective: The second most common cancer in men after lung cancer is prostate cancer (PC).<br />Previous studies assessed the association between food items or food groups and the risk of PC, but diet quality indices<br />are unique approaches to study any relations between diet and disease. Our objective was to investigate the effect of<br />healthy eating index (HEI-2010) and Mediterranean-Style Dietary Pattern Score (MSDPS) on PC risk. Methods: In<br />this case-control study, we recruited 97 patients with MS and 205 control subjects . Dietary intake was evaluted using<br />a valid and reliable food frequency questionnaire. The HEI and MSDPS were calculated. Logistic regression was used<br />to evaluate the relationship between HEI and MSDP scores and PC risk after adjusting the confounders. Results: In<br />comparison to controls, cases had lower score on HEI (61 vs. 70.07; P< 0.001), and higher score on MSDP (26.20 vs.<br />24.49; P= 0.44). After comparing the highest and the lowest tertile of HEI, we observed a significant decreasing trend<br />in the risk of PC (p for trend<0.001). Conclusion: Our findings suggested that a high quality diet, according to HEI,<br />may decrease the risk of PC.