Non-Newtonian thermal convection of eyring-powell fluid from an isothermal sphere with biot number effects‎

Abstract

This article investigates the nonlinear, steady boundary layer flow and heat transfer of an incompressible Eyring-Powell non-Newtonian fluid from an isothermal sphere with Biot number effects. The transformed conservation equations are solved numerically subject to physically appropriate boundary conditions using a second-order accurate implicit finite-difference Keller Box technique. The influence of a number of emerging dimensionless parameters, namely the Eyring-Powell rheological fluid parameter $left( varepsilon right) $, the local non-Newtonian parameter based on length scale $left( delta right) $, Prandtl number (Pr), Biot number $left( gammaright) $ and dimensionless tangential coordinate $left(xi right) $ on velocity and temperature evolution in the boundary layer regime are examined in detail. Furthermore, the effects of these parameters on surface heat transfer rate and local skin friction are also investigated. It is found that the velocity and heat transfer rate (Nusselt number) decrease with increasing $left( varepsilon right) $, whereas temperature and skin friction increase. An increasing $left(deltaright) $ is observed to enhance velocity, local skin friction and heat transfer rate but reduces the temperature. An increase $left( gamma right) $ is seen to increase velocity, temperature, local skin friction and Nusselt number. The study is relevant to chemical materials processing ‎applications.‎