Study of essential oil composition and antibacterial activity of Artemisia scoparia extraction in the region of Baladeh- Noor, Mzandaran, Iran

Abstract

Sagebrush genus (<em>Artemisia scoparia</em>) is the one of the most important genus of Asteraceae family. It has numerous values because of medicine properties. Sagebrush genus has numerous application in traditional medicine from ancient times. In this research, the isolation and identification of essential oil and antibacterial activity of <em>Artemisia scoparia</em> have been studied. Samples were collected from the region of Baladeh, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran in middle of June 2013. The essential oil derivation was extracted after drying plant under shadow by Hydro-distillation method using Clevenger apparatus. Isolation and identification of essential components was done by GC-MS. Antibacterial activities of essential oil were assessed by diffusion disc method. Four bacteria used in this research were<em> Staphylococcus aureus</em>,<em> Staphylococcus epidermidis, Escherichia coli </em>and<em> Salmonella typhimurium</em> apparatus. Isolation and identification of essential components was done by GC-MS. Antibacterial activities of essential oil were assessed by diffusion disc method. Four bacteria used in this research were <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>, <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em>, <em>Escherichia coli</em> and <em>Salmonella typhimurium</em>. The results showed that essential oil of <em>Artemisia scoparia</em> in both broth method microdilution and disc diffusion, had the most inhibiton diameter zone in <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em> than <em>Staphylococcus epidermidis</em>. Among negative gram bacterias, <em>E.coli</em> had inhibition diameter zone of higher in disc diffusion method. <em>E. coli</em> with the most MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) was the most resistant bacteria than essential oil of Artemisia scoparia. According to this results, essential oil of Artemisia scoparia can be used as a protector combination, natural flavoring in food.