A study on the frequency of vaginal species of Mycoplasma genitalium, Gardnerella vaginalis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae among pregnant women by PCR technique

Abstract

Bacterial vaginosis or non-specific vaginitis describes the disease caused by a change in the normal Flora of the vagina, which leads to the elimination of Lactobacilli, generating hydrogen peroxide and excess growth of bacteria, particularly anaerobic bacteria. This disease is the most prevalent infection of the female genital tract, and the rate of frequency of anaerobic bacteria, specifically vaginal species of <em>Gardnerella</em> and <em>Mycoplasma</em>, is 100 to 1,000 times higher than that of healthy individuals. To determine the rate of frequency of <em>Gardnerella</em> <em>vaginalis</em>, <em>Mycoplasma</em> <em>genitalium</em> and <em>Neisseria gonorrhoea</em>e, which are present in bacterial vaginosis. samples of vaginal secretions of pregnant women referred to the Women's Clinic in the Tonekabon Township were obtained. In order to detect the presence of <em>Gardnerella vaginalis</em>, <em>Mycoplasma</em> <em>genitalium</em> and <em>Neisseria gonorrhoea</em>e, the samples were studied using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) method. After obtaining the data, the results were analysed using the Chi-square (x2) test. Of the 44 samples tested, 3 cases were found to contain <em>Gardnerella vaginalis</em> (6.81 percent), 2 cases to contain <em>Neisseria</em> <em>gonorrhoea</em>e (4.54 percent), and 10 cases to contain <em>Mycoplasma</em> <em>genitalium</em> (22.72 percent). Statistical analysis showed that <em>Mycoplasma</em> <em>genitalium</em> was significantly related to the consequence of abortion. However, there was no relationship between infections caused by <em>Gardernerella vaginalis</em>, <em>Mycoplasma</em> <em>genitalium</em> and <em>Neisseria gonorrhoea</em>e with premature delivery and hospitalization of the newborn in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Considering the findings, it seems that a low percentage of the studied populations were afflicted by the bacterial vaginosis.