Background: Maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is an inherited branched-chain amino acid metabolic disorder caused by the deficiency in the branched-chain alpha-keto acid dehydrogenase (BCKD) complex. In MSUD, elevation of ...

Background: Jaundice is one of the most common findings in the neonatal period. In almost all the cases, neonatal jaundice occurs due to the elevated level of unconjugated bilirubin. Evidence is scarce regarding the ...

Background: One-third of all major congenital anomalies are Congenital heart disease (CHD) and Reported CHD prevalence increased over time and in Asian countries is more than western countries. Ectopia cordis (EC) is a ...

Background: Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) and subcutaneous emphysema are rare findings in children. Various etiologies have been reported for SPM, such as foreign body aspiration in infants, especially in those aged ...

Background: Opioids are used to relieve pain during labor and may affect the neurobehavioral conditions of infants. However, effects of using drugs, such as oxytocin, as a routine component of pre- and post-delivery care ...

Background: Hypernatremia might lead to neurological and developmental disabilities. This study aimed to determine the frequency, risk factors, and one-year neurological prognosis of hypernatremia in newborns. The findings ...

Background: Neonatal screening is a preventive medical measure to screen infants shortly after birth for treatable metabolic disorders and endocrinopathies. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the accuracy of ...

Background: Infantile colic is defined as episodes of extreme and excessive crying due to unknown causes. Various results have been reported regarding the management of colic with probiotics in terms of effectiveness, with ...

Background: Neonatal survival is one of the most important challenges today. Over 99% of neonatal mortalities occur in the developing countries, and epidemiologic studies emphasize on this issue in the developed countries, ...

Background: Hospitalization of infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) may disrupt the proper interaction with infants and lead to anxiety and depression, while adversely affecting the role of families. Therefore, ...

Background: Sepsis is defined as a systematic inflammatory reaction against infection. Despite the recent advances in medical and pediatric sciences, sepsis remains a significant life-threatening health issue. The main ...

Background: Examining the relationship between cord blood and maternal serum zinc levels and birth weight.Methods: A total of 127 infant-mother pairs were assigned to study (n = 58; with birth weight

Background: Prenatal attachment and positive adaptation with the concept of motherhood play a pivotal role in maternal and fetal health. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of the beliefs, attitudes, subjective ...

Background: Preterm neonates are at a high risk of respiratory depression at birth. Incidence of respiratory distress is reported in 60-80% of the neonates born with the gestational age of less than 28 weeks and 15-30% of ...

Background: The cost-effective strategies are of paramount importance in the improvement of neonatal health services. Regarding this, the present study aimed to evaluate the health sector reform of the Islamic Republic of ...

Background: Respiratory distress syndrome is one of the main complications associated with low birth weight, and a main cause of mortality in premature neonates. The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of ventilator ...