Evaluation of Ultra-Microscopic Changes and Proliferation of Apoptotic Glioblastoma Multiforme Cells Induced by Velogenic Strain of Newcastle Disease Virus AF2240

Abstract

Aim: Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a member of genus Avulavirus within the family Paramyxoviridae. Interest<br />of using NDV as an anticancer agent has arisen from its ability to kill tumor cells with limited toxicity to normal cells.<br />Methods: In this investigation, the proliferation of brain tumor cell line, glioblastoma multiform (DBTRG.05MG)<br />induced by NDV strain AF2240 was evaluated in-vitro, by using MTT proliferation assay. Furthermore, Cytological<br />observations were studied using fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy, DNA laddering in<br />agarose gel electrophoresis assay used to detect the mode of cell death and analysis of the cellular DNA content by<br />flowcytometery. Results: MTT proliferation assay, Cytological observations using fluorescence microscopy and<br />transmission electron microscopy show the anti-proliferation effect and apoptogenic features of NDV on DBTRG.05MG.<br />Furthermore, analysis of the cellular DNA content showed that there was a loss of treated cells in all cell cycle phases<br />(G1, S and G2/M) accompanied with increasing in sub-G1 region (apoptosis peak). Conclusion: It could be concluded<br />that NDV strain AF2240 is a potent antitumor agent that induce apoptosis and its cytotoxicity increasing while increasing<br />of time and virus titer.