Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis with Grade 4 Vesicoureteral Reflux in a Child with Single Kidney

Abstract

<br/><em>Introduction</em> <br/>Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) is a non-uremic defects of urinary acidification. It is characterized by a normal anion gap hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis; plasma potassium may be normal, low or high-depending on the type of RTA. These syndromes differ from uremic acidosis which is associated with a high anion gap, decreased glomerular filtration with enhanced proton secretion by the remaining nephrons. <br/><em>Case Report</em> <br/>We presented a 2 year-old male child with features of acute kidney injury with growth retardation. On evaluation the child was diagnosed to have distal renal tubular acidosis with grade 4 vesicoureteral reflux with right sided single kidney. <br/><em>Conclusion</em> <br/>The child had congenital malformation of renal system which was not evaluated previously and remains untreated for long duration which leads to growth retardation and presented in a serious condition in our case.