Participatory varietal selection of chickpea in rainfed rice fallow lands of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh in India for sustainable crop production

Abstract

Production and area of chickpea are reducing every year in India due to<br />competition with horticulture and other cash crops in irrigated areas. There is a great<br />scope for expanding chickpea production with or without limited irrigation in rainfed<br />rice fallow lands (RRFL) in the states of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh. Nineteen<br />chickpea genotypes were tested using participatory varietal selection (PVS) trials on<br />farmers' fields in each of the four districts of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh.<br />Among the several traits of the introduced chickpea varieties, grain yield was the<br />most preferred trait by farmers, followed by resistance to diseases and early maturity.<br />Selection of chickpea genotypes varied over time and location depending on<br />agronomic and climatic pressures, indicating a preference by farmers for growing<br />multiple, improved varieties. Yield potential of PVS genotypes averaged up to 50%<br />greater than the local cultivar. Farmers' participation in the selection process of<br />genotypes laid the foundation of better and sustainable yields of chickpea and<br />thereby providing better economic returns suitable to small farmers of RRFL of<br />Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh. The results of this study can be replicated in the<br />similar environments in Asia and Africa.<br />Keywords: Farmer participatory; Improved genotype; Mother and daughter trials;<br />Plant breeding; Rainfed rice fallow; Varietal selection.