Comparison of Self-Report, Peer-Report, and Principal-Report in Bullying Victimization and Perpetration Among Iranian Students

Abstract

<strong>Background:</strong> Bullying among adolescences is known as a public health abnormality and studying the prevalence of bullying behaviors using different methods of data gathering can help researchers in surveillance and planning preventions. <strong>Objectives:</strong> The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of perpetration and victimization of bullying reported by self-report, peer-report, and principle-report. <strong>Methods:</strong> In this cross-sectional study that was conducted in 2017 - 2018, a total of 1,540 students from 42 schools throughout Mazandaran province completed self- and peer-report questionnaires and 42 principals of 42 schools completed a principal-report questionnaire. The chi-square test was used to compare the prevalence of victimization and perpetration of bullying with self-report, peer-report, and principal-report methods across gender, school types and grade levels. <strong>Results:</strong> The prevalence of bullies and victims in self-, peer-, and principal-report methods were different (20.2% as victim and 7.8% as a bully for self-report, 9.4% as victim and 8.9% as a bully for peer-report, and 4.3% as victim and 3.1% as a bully for principal-report). <strong>Conclusions:</strong> This study showed the discrepancy in the prevalence of perpetration and victimization of bullying reported in three measurement methods (self-, peer-, and principal-report) in Iranian schools and suggests the use of multiple assessment methods for bullying behaviors.