The equations of fluids in porous media are very useful in designing the rockfill and diversion dams, gabions, breakwaters and ground water reserves. Researches have been showed that the Forchheimer equation is not sufficient ...

In this study a simulation-optimization model is developed for deriving operation rule-curves in drought ‎periods. To each reservoir, two rule-curves with adjustable monthly levels are introduced dividing the ‎reservoir ...

Base-level fall in river beds occurs due to varying natural or unnatural causes. Base-level fall causes the change in the behavior of flow at the location of drop in base-level. In such situations, most of scour occur at ...

Due to the immense damage caused by dam failure, especially dams constructed near large cities, it is necessary to consider the breaking phenomena as well as studying and designing different parts of the dam. For this ...

Local scouring in the downstream of hydraulic structures is one of the important issues in river and hydraulic engineering, which involves a lot of costs every year, so the prediction of the rate of scour is important in ...