Pharmaceutical manufacturers have a vital role in the healthcare system insofar as any disruption in their production processes jeopardizes people's health and the environment they inhabit. Resilience engineering (RE) could ...

In this paper, a supply chain, including a manufacturer, a distributor and some retailers, is considered. The manufacturer produces a single product and outsources distribution operations to a distributor in order to deliver ...

Swarm intelligence-based algorithms are soft computing techniques, which have already been applied to solve a broad range of optimization problems. Generally, clustering is the most common technique, which, balances the ...

Measuring the efficiency of real businesses is not a simple task, because a real business may involve several processes and sub-processes, forming a very complicated dynamic network of interactions. In this paper, a ...

Planning the freight flow from the plants to the customer zones is one of the most challenging problems in the field of supply chain management. Because of many traffic regulations, oversize/overweight vehicles often are ...