The Effect of Different Polyamines on Some Physiological Traits as ACC Oxidase and Superoxide Dismutase Enzymes Activity in <i>Chrysanthemum morifolium</i> cv. ‘Bright Golden Ann’

Abstract

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of foliar spray with polyamines on postharvest life of chrysanthemum cut flowers in the horticulture laboratory of Islamic Azad University of Rafsanjan in 2015. For this purpose, an experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with three replications with spermidine, spermine and putrescine treatments at 1, 2 and 3 mM concentrations. Different parameters such as vase life, quality, weight loss, dry matter percentage, chlorophyll, total soluble dissolved, protein, water uptake, ACC oxidase and SOD were measured. The results showed that all treatments significantly increased the survival and quality of flowers as compared to control. Spermidine (3 mM) resulted in maximum vase life so that after 9 days, the flowers of this treatment were of a good quality. The lowest weight loss and highest level of dissolved solids were observed in 3 mM spermidine and then, in 2 mM spermidine. ACC oxidase enzyme activity was reduced by a factor of quarter in 3 mM spermidine treatment as compared to control. On the other hand, superoxide dismutase activity in this treatment was 3 times higher than that in control. The highest amount of chlorophyll was observed in the treatment of 3 mM spermidine and putrescine. Solution uptake was increased when polyamines were applied so that the highest solution uptake was observed in the first stage of measurement in relation to 3 mM putrescine. But in the second stage of measurement, 1 mM spermine outperformed. Treatments had no significant effect on dry matter percentage and protein amount in leaves of cut flowers. So, according to the results of this test, treatment with 3 mM spermidine is recommended as the best treatment to enhance the quality and vase life of chrysanthemum (<em>Chrysanthemum morifolium </em>cv. 'Bright Golden Ann') cut flowers.