Synergistic Anticancer Effects of Aluminum Oxide Nanoparticle (Al2O3NPs) Combined with Doxorubicin in Inhibiting SK-OV-3 Ovarian Cancer Cell Proliferation

Abstract

Ovarian cancer, particularly aggressive subtypes like SK-OV-3, remains a significant challenge due to limited treatment options, necessitating the development of more effective therapeutic strategies. Aluminum oxide nanoparticle (Al2O3NPs) have demonstrated potential in cancer therapy because of their unique properties, including enhanced drug delivery and cytotoxic effects. This study investigates the synergistic anticancer effects of aluminum nanoparticles combined with doxorubicin on SK-OV-3 ovarian cancer cells. The effectiveness of the combination treatment was assessed by evaluating cell viability using the MTT assay. Oxidative stress was quantified by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels with the DCFH reagent, while lipid peroxidation (LPO) was analyzed by detecting malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. The antioxidant capacity was measured by assessing glutathione (GSH) levels. The results indicated that the combination of Al2O3NPs and doxorubicin significantly reduced SK-OV-3 cell viability, suggesting potent anticancer effects. Additionally, the treatment induced oxidative stress, as evidenced by increased ROS production, elevated MDA levels, and decreased GSH levels. These findings demonstrate that aluminum nanoparticles, in combination with doxorubicin, exert a synergistic anticancer effect by promoting oxidative stress and inhibiting the proliferation of SK-OV-3 cells. These findings underscore the potential of Al2O3NPs as an effective therapeutic modality in ovarian cancer treatment, particularly for aggressive subtypes like SK-OV-3.