Transfer of Quantumness to Macroscopic States at Non-Equilibrium Condition

Abstract

A quantum demon is a thought experiment in quantum mechanics that describes a hypothetical being that can manipulate individual quantum states, violating the second law of thermodynamics. It is shown how the interaction-free measurement of the observers on a macroscopic thermal field, can make a superposition of cat states even at high-temperature limits. The ability of Alice and Bob to reduce the entropy of the fields without disturbing it directly is surveyed. Then, they can act as quantum demons. Investigation of making cat states under non-equilibrium conditions and the change in the Heisenberg uncertainty relation has been surveyed. Finally, we have also introduced the temperature-dependent Bell’s inequality and studied the change in the limit of violation according to the non-equilibrium character of the dynamics.