All designers try to get rid of all the hardware and software tools before they hit the market, but it shows that such a goal is unattainable. Some of these environmental factors are unexpected and unavoidable, as well as ...

in this paper, a new example of these structures has been designed and simulated using two-dimensional photon crystals. This proposed structure uses point nano-amplifiers to couple light to waveguides, and two input and ...

As the ability to perform computation increased from the early days of computers and up to the present so was the knowledge how to utilize the hardware and software to perform computation. Digital computer arithmetic emerged ...