Bridge pillar in the bed of a canal reduces the cross-sectional area and shrinks the flow. In such conditions, in addition to local scouring of the structural support, the necessary ground for the occurrence of contractile ...

The process of biological removal of nitrate in water resources is the most appropriate method in terms of economics, applicability and efficiency. In addition, this method is one of the most suitable methods to remove ...

Ground water is the main sources for agricultural uses. Because of Less risk of pollution, groundwater use has increased rather than surface water even in areas where there is no shortage of surface water seen. Accurate ...

Water losses from concrete channels include leakage from the body and floor and evaporation from the free surface of the water. The most important issue in the concrete coating of irrigation canals is the stabilization of ...

Population growth is the most important factor in increasing the use of renewable water in Iran and one of these waters is the reuse of drainage water. Existence of several large industrial crops in Khuzestan has caused a ...