The RER which is theoretically influenced by the real interest rate differential (RRE) and currency excess return (CER), is statistically examined during 1990-2016. Accordingly, the stationarity of RER as null hypothesis ...

T his paper proposes a new unit root test against the alternative of symmetric or asymmetric exponential smooth transition autoregressive (AESTAR) nonlinearity that accounts for multiple smooth breaks. We provide ...

T his study investigates the effects of extra-ECOWAS merchandise trade and investment flows on the transmission of business cycles in the selected ECOWAS between 1985 and 2014.  The ...

T he impact of FDI on economic growth is neither homogeneous, nor completely clarified. Due to accumulation of capital in the host economy, FDI is expected to encourage the incorporation of new inputs and ...

This paper evaluates attitudes of Iranians toward crossing red traffic lights and their sensitivity to fines. Economic theory of crime under expected utility predicts that because of the possibility of severe punishments, ...

The main concern of this paper is to answer the question of the determinants of FDI inflows to West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU). The literature on FDI recognizes not only the existence of gaps between ...

This study investigates the relationship between quality of environment and democracy among different countries over the period of 2002 - 2012. Democracy and accumulated democracy indices have been considered as political ...