Submarine pipelines have become one of the popular ways of transboundary water supply. The hydraulic design of these pipelines is of significant technical challenges for engineers as it requires a comprehensive energy loss ...

Recently, the application of Composite Steel Plate Shear Walls (CSPSWs) and Steel Plate Shear Walls (SPSWs) as lateral load-resisting systems has been developed. These systems should be resistant enough, ductile, and ...

Today, one of the most important issues in designing of structures is their reliability and functional design. In order to obtain reliability, different parameters of the earthquake history are considered as probabilistic ...

Water Tanks are amongst the most important structures which are used for storage and providing the water needed on the pick usage time in water supply networks.  The Seismic behaviour of such special structures is the main ...

Today, tall structures are the most dominating symbol of the cities. The tall structures should be design for strength against gravity and lateral loads, stiffness, ductility and system efficiency. Ever increasing number ...

To investigate the effects of crude oil leakage on silty sand soil, a functional device was set up; it is highly similar to column test. Some factors were altered during tests such as time leakage, porosity, and water ...