This article examines whether there is a wage gap premium in the formal sector versus the informal sector of the Iranian labor market. We used household survey data conducted by the Statistical Centre of Iran for 2001, ...

This paper estimates the price and income elasticities of domestic petroleum consumption in Nigeria using the Johansen cointegration and vector error correction model approaches.  The paper used annual time series data for ...

The liquidity crisis is the major driver of banks' failure in Nigeria as a failure of some banks in the past was brought in connection with a liquidity problem. We examined the CG and LM of Nigerian banks by obtaining data ...

From the constitutional revolution (1907) to the Islamic revolution (1979), Iranian governments had been fluctuated sharply (longevity of government from 3 days to more than 12 years). This situation was the result of ...

The recent events on the global scene have pointed once again to the importance of the increasing level of interdependence among markets. Economic volatility in one or several countries is easily transmitted to neighbors ...

This study re-examines Squalli-Wilson's measure of trade openness from the perspective of services. An attempt was made to compose all modes of services supply to form a composite measure of service openness that has rarely ...

Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is one of the regions of the world that exhibits high disparities in income distribution. Income inequality has remained ubiquitous and pronounced across countries in the region, with Sub-Saharan ...

and economic fields. Therefore, in general, most of the countries regulate TV business well to produce an optimal impact on the nation. In Indonesia, the TV broadcasting business is growing very significantly. After ...

The orangutan is a famous and unique species of big ape living in arboreal forests and can only be found in Borneo and Sumatra Island. The orangutans are divided into two subspecies; Borneo orangutan and Sumatra orangutan. ...

Resource-rich developing countries are forced by economic fluctuations due to international commodity price movement. One way to reduce the volatility adverse effects is to establish institutions such as Sovereign Wealth ...

Systemic risk is the collapse and crisis in the financial system that is caused by default or crisis in one or more firms. In this paper, the conditional value-at-risk (𝐶o𝑉𝑎𝑅) method is used as a measure for this kind ...