In some production processes, unlike traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA), decision-making units (DMUs) consume widely used inputs since increasing them is more favorable for improving efficiency. Plastic wastes and ...

Access to finance through financial institutions is highly dependent on financial literacy. The basic purpose of this paper is to examine the women's financial literacy level in Pakistan, especially, among women entrepreneurs. ...

The economic status of society does affect both kinds and amounts of violent crimes. This paper is going to analyze the relationships between some economic variables in Iran, on one hand, and violent crimes on the other: ...

Although financial development facilitates economic growth, inflationary conditions can negatively affect the relationship between financial development and economic growth. This paper studies the threshold inflation rate ...

There are clear signs of climate change in Africa, while the continent has limited economic and financial muscle to generate clean, low-carbon, greener, and energy-efficient production activities needed to improve environmental ...

Iran has faced oil and banking sanctions since 2012. Following the sanctions and instability of the exchange rates, the Rial has sharply lost its value. Rising economic unrest has widened the gap between the official ...

In international trade relations, the US dollar is prominently used for invoicing, and not only for a trade involving the United States but also for other countries, it is so-called vehicle currency. This paper analytically ...