Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan Film Forming Solution Enriched with Essential Oils; an in vitro assay

Abstract

<strong>Background:</strong> The resistance of the bacteria and fungi to the innumerous antimicrobial agents is a major challenge in the treatment of the infections demands to the necessity for searching and fi nding new sources of substances with antimicrobial properties. The incorporation of the essential oils (EOs) in chitosan fi lm forming solution may enhance antimicrobial properties. However, its use as the feeding additive in the poultry nutrition needs to clarify the product's activity against both pathogen and the useful microbes in the gastrointestinal tract.<br /><strong>Objectives:</strong> In the present study, we carried out an in vitro investigation and evaluated the antimicrobial activity of chitosan film forming solution incorporated with essential oils (CFs+EOs) against microbial strains including Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecium, Lactobacillus rahmnosus, Aspergillus niger and Alternaria alternate.<br /><strong>Material and Methods:</strong> In three replicates, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of diff erent treatments including: 1- essential oils (EOs), 2- chitosan fi lm solution (CFs), and 3-chitosan film solution enriched with EOs (CFs+EOs) were determined against above mentioned microbes.<br /><strong>Results:</strong> The results indicated that the chitosan solution enriched with essential oils (CFs+EOs) is capable of inhibiting the bacterial and fungal growth even at the lowest concentrations. The MIC and MBC for all the antimicrobial agents against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were very low compared to the concentrations needed to inhibit the growth of useful bacteria, Lactobacillus rahmnosus and Enterococcus faecium. The antifungal activity of chitosan was enhanced as the concentration of EOs increased in the fi lm solution.<br /><strong>Conclusion:</strong> Chitosan-EOs complexes are the promising candidate for novel contact antimicrobial agents that can be used in animal feeds.