Evaluation of Green Synthesis of Ag Nanoparticles Using <italic>Eruca sativa </italic>and <italic>Spinacia oleracea</italic> Leaf Extracts and Their Antimicrobial Activity

Abstract

<span style="color: windowtext;">Background: </span><span style="color: windowtext;">Nano-biotechnology is considered as one of the mainly vigorous field of research in new material science. Recently, biosynthetic methods employing both biological microorganisms such as bacteria and fungus or plants extract have developed speedily as a trouble-free and feasible choice to obtain nanomaterials alternative to more complex chemical synthetic procedures. The particular distinctiveness like size, allocation and shape give the nanoparticles different properties from the bulk material.</span> <span style="color: windowtext;">Objectives: </span><em><span style="color: windowtext;">Eruca sativa </span></em><span style="color: windowtext;">and <em>Spinacia oleracea</em> plants were used to evaluate their extra cellular potential synthesis of silver nanoparticles and their bactericidal impact on <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae </em>and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em>.</span> <span style="color: windowtext;">Materials and Methods: </span><span style="color: windowtext;">Aqueous solutions of AgNO₃ are mixed with plant extracts. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to characterize the morphology of the nanoparticles obtained from plant extracts. Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometer established the existence of elemental sign of the silver and homogenous allocation of silver nanoparticles. Diffraction by using X ray (XRD) analysis for the formed AgNPs revealed spherical plus cubical shapes structure with different planes ranged between 111 to 311 planes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to characterize the morphology of the nanoparticles obtained from plant extracts.</span> <span style="color: windowtext;">Results: </span><span style="color: windowtext;">The antibacterial action of AgNPs against human pathogens, <em>Streptococcus pneumoniae </em>and <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> was recognized. Our work showed a rapid, eco-safety and suitable method for the synthesis of AgNPs from <em>Eruca sativa </em>and <em>Spinacia oleracea</em> leaf extract and can be used in pharmaceutical and other biomedical applications.</span> <span style="color: windowtext;">Conclusions: </span><span style="color: windowtext;">It could be suggested that AgNPs showed effective antibacterial properties owing to their exceptionally big exterior region, which provides superior contact with microorganisms and its interactions with bacteria are and localized on the membrane of the organism.</span>