Assessment of Prevalence and Determine Infections of Hepatitis C and Hepatitis D in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B

Abstract

Background : Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of the most popular causes of chronic liver diseases through the world. There are approximately 350 million individuals infected with the HBV that 15 to 20 million of them are co-infected with HDV. It is known that co-existent infection with HDV tends to accelerate the progress of chronic HBV infection to chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. As HBV and hepatitis C virus(HCV) have the same transmission routes, co-infected of HBV and HCV may lead to increasing of chronic liver diseases and high mortality rate. The aim of this study is to determine the seroprevalence and the risk factor of HDV and HCV infection with HBV chronic patients. Materials and Methods: This study (descriptive-analytic, type of sectional) was done on 300 patients with chronic hepatitis B referring to hepatitis diseases clinic during 2013-2014 in Birjand. All patients had a document containing demographic information, virus transmission way and the way aware of disease. Then physical examinations were done and laboratory tests and medical sonographies were recorded in documents. The data collected with checklist then entered in SPSS software and analyzed with statistical tests ( p <0.05). Results: Mean age for 300 patients was 38.61±11.98 that %54.7 of them were female. There was found no risk factor at %45.3 of patients. Among the chronic hepatitis B patients, 11 individuals (%3.7) were co-infected with hepatitis C, 10 (%3.3) with hepatitis D and 2 (%0. 6) with both hepatitis C and D. %91.7 patients were negative HBeAg and positive HBeAb. There was no significant association between prevalence of HDV and HCV with HBV and age, sex, educational state and job. In risk factors patients co-infected HBV and HCV blood transfusion was significant ( p =0)but in patients co-infected HBV and HDV IV addiction and sharing Needles were significant( p =0),( p = 0.01 ). Conclusion: Practitioners and all health care managers in our area should be acknowledged about the risks of dual infection with HCV and HDV in HBV-infected patients. Patients co-infected HBV and HCV blood transfusion was significant but in patients co-infected HBV and HDV IV addiction and sharing needles were significant.