Effect of explants and growth regulators on direct organogenesis of Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss. via tissue culture technique

Abstract

Background & Aim: <em>Dracocephalum </em>genus belongs to the Lamiaceae family which has eight species in Iran. <em>Dracocephalum kotschyi</em> Boiss is an important medicinal and aromatic plant that use in pharmaceutical industry. In addition, this species is used in Iranian traditional medicine. The aim of current study was to examine the various growth regulations and explants on direct organogenesis of <em>Dracocephalum kotschyi </em>using tissue culture technique. Experimental: Various concentrations of BAP, IBA and NAA belong to auxin and cytokinin, as two important plant growth regulators (PGR), with shoot tip explants; hypocotyl and cotyledon were investigated in plant micropropagation of <em>Dracocephalum kotschyi</em>. Results & Discussion: Results indicated that the best treatment and explants on regeneration <em>Dracocephalum kotschyi</em> was MS medium containing 5 mg/L BAP, and 0.2 mg/L NAA on shoot tip explants. Regenerated explants on MS medium containing 1 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L IBA had elongation growth and the elongation growth medium, plantlets were rooted. Rooted plantlets were then transferred to the hardening. After consistency of the regeneration plant seedlings <em>Dracocephalum kotschyi</em>, about 95% of seedling transferred to greenhouse suitable growing. Industrial and practical recommendations: According to the results of this research, we can start to proliferate and produce the effective matter of medicinal plant, such as <em>Dracocephalum kotschyi</em>. The most important benefit of this method is to prevent from extinction and to protect the species out of the environment.