An in vitro study on anti-sickling activity of Terminalia arjuna and Terminalia bellirica

Abstract

<strong>Background & Aim:</strong>Combretaceae family is known for efficacy in the management of sickle cell disorder (SCD). Based on the earlier reports of anti-sickling property of <em>Terminalia</em> genus the study investigates <em>in vitro</em> antisickling properties of <em>Terminalia arjuna</em> and <em>Terminalia bellirica</em>.<br /> <strong>Experimental: </strong>Anti-sickling assay of methanolic and aqueous extract of <em>T. arjuna </em>and <em>T. bellirica</em> on sickled RBCs were evaluated at different concentrations. The osmotic fragility test was done to explore the effect of extracts on haemoglobin S solubility and sickle cell membrane stability. Additionally antioxidant activity and phytochemical analysis of extracts was evaluated.<br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <br /> <strong>Results: </strong>Treatment with the plant extracts at different concentrations showed decrease in percentage of sickled cells. Extract of <em>T</em>. <em>arjuna </em>had a significantly higher (p < 0.05) antisickling activity at the tested concentrations of 10 mg/ml. The methanolic extract at 10 mg/ml showed the best cell membrane stability as compared to <em>T. bellirica</em> extract. It was observed that, <em>T. bellirica</em> extract was deficient of alkaloid and tannins<em>. </em>Moreover, all extracts/fractions showed antioxidant activity, although lesser as compared to the standard.<br /> <strong>Recommended applications/industries: </strong>It was observed that the leaf extracts of <em>T. arjuna</em> has a significant antisickling effect, hence it can be potentially used in clinical management of SCD. The bioactive compounds can be used to supplement as well as management drug for sickle cell disease.