Chemical Composition of the Volatile Fraction of Perovskia abrotanoides and Nepeta glomerulosa. Growing Wild in Iran by Different Extraction Methods

Abstract

Background & Aim: Essential oils are isolated from different sections of plants such as flowers, seeds, leaves, stems and roots. Essential oils are applied extensively in producing of perfumes, cosmetics, foods, beverages and confectioneries and as ingredients of disinfectants and insecticides. Experimental: Essential oil are obtained by several isolation methods, such as hydrodistillation (HD), steam distillation (SD), solid phase micro extraction (SPME), microwave assisted distillation (MAD) and solvent free microwave extraction (SFME). Hydrodistillation, solvent free microwave extraction (SFME) and solid phase microextraction (SPME) methods has been applied to extraction of essential oil from <em>Perovskia abrotanoides</em> and <em>Nepeta glomerulosa</em> growing in Iran. Results & Discussion: Camphor (15.2, 15.50 and 9.02%), 1,8-cineole (15.03, 14.21 and 9.87%) and §-carene (6.4, 7.19 and 9.78%) were the main compounds in the <em>Perovskia abrotanoides</em> essential oil, respectively. Geraniol(12.74%) and β-caryophyllene (10.05%) identified by hydrodistillation whereas carvacrol (70.52%) and β-caryophyllene (4.13%) identified by solvent free microwave extraction that were the main compounds in the <em>Nepeta glomerulosa</em> essential oil. Industrial and practical recommendations: Hence, it can be High amount of sesquiterpenes and low quantity of hydrocarbon monoterpenes were identified in each essential oil.