Value of Vitamin D Deficiency in Predicting the Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Background: The present study aimed to assess the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the<br />severity of coronary artery disease (CAD) in a sample of Iranian diabetic patients.<br />Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 169 consecutive diabetic patients suspected of<br />CAD. The severity of CAD was defined based the number of involved coronary vessels. The<br />serum vitamin D level was measured via immunoassay, and its serum level was categorized as<br />normal (>30 ng/mL), insufficient (20–30 ng/mL), mildly-to-moderately deficient (10–20<br />ng/mL), and severely deficient (<10 ng/mL).<br />Results: There was no significant relationship between vitamin D deficiency and the number of<br />involved coronary vessels (P=0.423), and nor was there any difference in the serum level of<br />vitamin D in the individuals with CAD (24.84±18.53 ng/dL) and those without CAD<br />(22.37±16.88 ng/mL) (P=0.409). Our multivariate logistic regression model showed that<br />vitamin D deficiency could not predict the presence of CAD (OR=0.963, 95% CI: 0.666 to<br />1.392; P=0.842). Analysis of the area under the ROC curve indicated a low value for the<br />measurement of the vitamin D level in discriminating CAD from the normal coronary status<br />(AUC=0.533, 95% CI: 0.437 to 0.629; P=0.496).<br />Conclusions: Our study could not demonstrate a predictive role for vitamin D deficiency concerning<br />the severity of CAD in type 2 diabetes. Among the different CAD risk factors, smoking and<br />opium use were significantly correlated with vitamin D deficiency.