Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease which increases the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). We sought to determine the relationship between the serum HbA1c level and the severity of CAD in diabetic ...

Background: coronary artery occlusion is the main reason for cardiovascular disease-related deaths the world over. Hence, identifying its main determinants is essential for the proper prevention of coronary artery disease ...

Background: Pulmonary morbidity is a common complication of cardiac surgery, and the most common type of morbidity is atelectasis. The risk factors related to pulmonary morbidities and atelectasis have been previously ...

Background: Congenital ventricular diverticula, defined as a protrusion of the free wall of the ventricle including the endocardium, the myocardium, and the pericardium, behave similarly to an accessory ventricular chamber ...

Background: The cannulation of the internal jugular vein is done to access the central vein for hemodynamic monitoring and other purposes. A safe internal cannulation of the jugular vein is performed using anatomical ...

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a major cause of death worldwide. Several acute-phase inflammatory proteins such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) have been examined as the potential indicators ...

Background: The acute occlusion of the left main coronary artery (LMCA) in the absence of the collateral circulation is extremely rare, but it remains a catastrophic and mostly fatal entity due to myocardial infarction ...

Background: Ischemic mitral regurgitation is a major source of morbidity and mortality of myocardial infarction. Surgical intervention for significant ischemic mitral regurgitation at the time of coronary artery bypass ...

Background: Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death in most societies today. One of the most important diagnostic and therapeutic methods used in this field is cardiac catheterization. This procedure is, ...