Non-Genetic Factors Affecting Stillbirth and its Effects on Longevity, Production, and Reproductive Performance in Holstein Cows of Iran

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the factors affecting stillbirth and the consequences of stillbirth on longevity, production, and reproductive performance in Holstein cows of Iran. Calving records from March 2000 to April 2009 comprising of 220,043 calvings on 102,199 cows in 33 herds were used. The results showed that 4.06% of the newborn calves died within 48 h of birth. The stillbirth rate was significantly higher for first parity cows (Pvs. 405.5 (±1.05) d (P